To format citations in thesis writing, follow the specific citation style required, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago. Each style has distinct rules for citing books, journal articles, and websites. In-text citations should include the author’s last name and year of publication (APA) or page number (MLA), depending on the format. At the end of the thesis, include a comprehensive reference list or bibliography, organized alphabetically. Ensure consistency in formatting, such as punctuation, capitalization, and indentation, throughout the thesis to maintain academic accuracy and professionalism.